\documentclass[]{standalone}
\usepackage[]{graphicx}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.17}
\tikzset{>=latex}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows,arrows.meta}
\usepackage{steinmetz}
\newcommand*{\equal}{=}
\usepackage{tikz-3dplot}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations.markings}
\tikzset{->-/.style={decoration={
markings,
mark=at position #1 with {\arrow{>}}},postaction={decorate}}}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
width=10cm,
xmin=-5,xmax=5,
ymin=-5,ymax=5,
grid=both,
%grid style={line width=.1pt, draw=gray!10},
major grid style={line width=.2pt,draw=gray!50},
axis lines=middle,
%minor tick num=5,
xtick = {-5,-4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4,5},
ytick = {-5,-4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4,5},
enlargelimits={abs=0.5},
%axis line style={latex-latex},
%ticklabel style={font=\tiny,fill=white},
ticklabel style={font=\tiny},
xlabel={$x$},
ylabel={$f(x)$},
xlabel style={font=\tiny, at={(ticklabel* cs:1)},anchor=north},
ylabel style={font=\tiny, at={(ticklabel* cs:1)},anchor=west},
]
\draw (axis cs:0,0) node[below=3pt,right=-3pt] {\tiny$0$};
\addplot[domain=-2.7:2.7,samples=10] {2*x} node[below=5pt,right]{$2x$};
\addplot[domain=-5:5,samples=10] {x/2} node[below]{$x/2$};
\addplot[domain=-2.5:2.5,samples=100] {x^2} node[very near start ,above right]{$x^2$};
%\addplot[domain=-5:5,samples=100] {-(x-2)^2} node[very near start,right]{$-(x-2)^2$};
%\addplot[domain=0:5,samples=100] {8*x/(x+1)^2} node[very near end,below]{$\frac{8x}{(x+1)^2}$};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}